FLOWER

                                     FLOWER

Flower is the most beautiful & essential part of plant. It is a modified shoot & sexual reproductive organ lead to the formation of FRUIT& SEED.Seed give rise to new plant.

                                PARTS OF FLOWER

Flower born in the axil of leaf called BRACT.Long stalk is called PEDICEL.If no pedicel then flower is SESSILE.Pedicel ends in upper swollen structure called THALAMUS.

MAIN FOUR PARTS OF A FLOWER

1 SEPALS or CALYX

2. PETALS or COROLLA

3. ANDROECIUM or MALE REPRODUCTIVE PART

4. GYNOECIUM or FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE PART

SEPAL First & outermost whorl ,green,free from one another or fused.FUNCTION : To protect the inner parts of flower in bud condition.      

PETAL Forms the second whorl. colourful,may be free or united.FUNCTION : To attract INSECTS.2 It protects the inner reproductive organs.

ANDROECIUM  Also called STAMEN.Male reproductive part It has two lobes called ANTHERS. Which contains POLLEN GRAINS.A long slender stalk FILAMENT. Both joined by CONNECTIVE.      

If stamens united with carpel they are GYNANDROUS.

If stamens united with petals they are EPIPETALOUS.

GYNOECIUM  Also called female reproductive part .It is also called CARPEL.  

If  there is one carpel it is MONOCARPELLARY.If there are more carpels condition is POA

LYCAPELLARY.

It has three parts.OVARY,STYLE,STIGMA.OVARY contains OVULES,receptive surface for pollens.

Carpels are free in Lotus called APOCARPOUS.Carpels are united in Grass called SYNCARPOUS.After fertilisation of ovule+ pollen develop into seed.Ovary matures into FRUIT.Without ovules ovary is PISTILLODE.

Style position may be terminal [arise from tip of ovary],lateral [from side of ovary],gynobasic[directly from thalamus]

STIGMA is sticky attracts insects for pollination,

CALYX& COROLLA  are nonessential & STAMEN& CARPEL are essential parts help in formation of FRUIT & SEED.