VIDEO TUTORIAL ON SEEDS

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BIOLOGY LECTURE ON CELL DIVISION(MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS)

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CELL DIVISION  CELL CYCLE- When cell divides.It synthesise its components including genetic material in duplicate. After division This passes to DAUGHTER CELLS. Sequence of events by which cell duplicate its contents & divides into two called CELL CYCLE. IMPORTANCE IN EUKARYOTES- From single cell trillions of cells develop.Rate & no. officer division vary.In adult tissues like bone marrow division is continuous.In fully formed organism less division occurs. CELL CYCLE  It Has two periods: 1- INTERPHASE : - Period of rest or RESTING STAGE .Preparatory phase for cell division. 2- MITOSIS : -  Three processes occurs during this phase: REPLICATION OF DNA & SYNTHESIS OF PROTEINS AS HISTONES. IN ANIMALS-DUPLICATION OF CENTRIOLE -Two daughter centrioles formed at right angle to each other. SYNTHESIS OF ENERGY RICH COMPOUNDS -Provides energy for mitosis & synthesis of proteins MITOSIS  ITS DIFFERENT PHASES & SIGNIFICA
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GENETIC ENGINEERING

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GENETIC ENGINEERING What is genetic engineering ? It is about the tools & technologies of molecular biology for cleaving & rejoining DNA SEQUENCES from two or more different organisms. These genetically modified DNA fragments are called as RECOMBINANT DNA molecules. APPLICATIONS OF GENETIC ENGINEERING 1. These can be cloned & amplified virtually to unlimited extent. 2. Application of DNA manipulation ranges from cloning genes to cloning organisms including  transgenic microbes,important crops & farm animals. 3. We can get modified food products, human gene products, medical products. 4. Hereditary diseases can be cured. 5. In forensic investigations.  DNA FINGERPRINTING  is a reliable technique for forensic investigation. Therefore GENETIC ENGINEERING is a kind of BIOTECHNOLOGY , alteration of genetic make up of cells by artificial means.                       RECOMBINANT DNA Transfer or  replacement of GENES by arti
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FLOWER

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                                      FLOWER Flower is the most beautiful & essential part of plant. It is a modified shoot & sexual reproductive organ lead to the formation of FRUIT& SEED.Seed give rise to new plant.                                 PARTS OF FLOWER Flower born in the axil of leaf called BRACT .Long stalk is called PEDICEL .If no pedicel then flower is SESSILE .Pedicel ends in upper swollen structure called THALAMUS . MAIN FOUR PARTS OF A FLOWER 1 SEPALS or CALYX 2. PETALS or COROLLA 3. ANDROECIUM or MALE REPRODUCTIVE PART 4. GYNOECIUM or FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE PART SEPAL First & outermost whorl ,green,free from one another or fused. FUNCTION : To protect the inner parts of flower in bud condition.       PETAL Forms the second whorl. colourful,may be free or united. FUNCTION : To attract INSECTS.2 It protects the inner reproductive organs. ANDROECIUM   Also calle
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